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Zephyranthes citrina

Baker (1882)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Amaryllidaceae Genus: Zephyranthes

yellow rain lily, zephyr lily

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Bulbous perennial herb.

Stems: Scapose.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Spirally arranged. Blades linear to 4 mm wide. Base sessile. Surfaces dull green. Margins entire. Veins parallel. Sheathing. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in spathe 1.6–2.6 cm, pedicels 2.3–4.4 cm, usually longer than spathe. Flowers bisexual (perfect), erect; perianth lemon yellow, funnelform, 3.1–5 cm; perianth tube green, 0.7–1 cm, increasing in diam., less than ⅓ perianth length, ca. ½(⅓–¾) filament length, less than ½ spathe length. Perianth of 6 tepals subequal, in 2 series, rarely reflexed. Stamens 6, diverging, in 2 distinctly subequal sets; filaments filiform, subequal, 1.2–2 cm; anthers 5–7 mm. Ovary inferior; styles longer than perianth tube; stigma capitate, usually among or below anthers, not exserted more than 1 mm beyond anthers.

Fruit: Fruit a thin-walled capsules; 3-locular; subglobose or ± oblate. Seeds numerous; black; flat; and lustrous.

Ploidy: 2n = 48

Habitat: Moist; sandy loam.

Elevation Range: 0–100 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Wind

Vegetative Reproduction

Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Bot. Mag. 108: t. 6605 (1882)

Other References

Lorence et al. 1995:40 (NEWNAT/K, DESCR); Staples et al. 2002:12 (O, EM); Staples & Herbst 2005:693 (KEY), 694 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Zephyranthes citrina West Maui, Lahaina District, Napili. .. Growing in lawn and edge of Hui Rd. F, … Growing in lawn and edge of Hui Rd. F, in dense patches and scattered individuals, appearing after heavy rain. Preserved_Specimen Flowers bright yellow, open during daylight hours, closed at night. Oppenheimer, H.L. 100206 Maui BISH 2002-10-21
2 Zephyranthes citrina Koloa, Maluhia Road. Along road across from park Naturalized. Preserved_Specimen Flwrs bright yellow w/orange stamens. Flynn, T.W. 1197 Kauai BISH 1985-09-04
3 Zephyranthes citrina U. H. Campus; Krauss Hall Receiving full sun. Preserved_Specimen Flwrs lemon yellow to canary yellow, odorless (afternoon). Lau, J. 1557 Oahu BISH 1985-10-23
4 Zephyranthes citrina Central Oahu, along Kaukonahua Road Roadside vegetation. Preserved_Specimen Kawelo, K. 69 Oahu BISH 2007-08-30
5 Zephyranthes citrina Wa'ahila Ridge, Bertram St. about 100 m SW of it intersection with St. Louis Dr Weed from mowed grass in front of residences, moist, sunny areas Preserved_Specimen Over 100 plants seen, obviously not planted as they were growing from mowed grass as well as out of other plants. Flowers bright yellow with no other colors or streaking. Stamens & anthers all equal Faccenda, K. 2856 Oahu BISH 2022-11-19
6 Zephyranthes citrina Just below Poamoho Agricultural Experimental Station on way to Waialua Along highway, with introduced grasses in abandoned cane fields. Preserved_Specimen Growing in small groups, 6-12 inches tall. Flowers bright yellow. Fruit flat, wrinkled, black, flying out of capsule as they were collected. Gagné, B.H. Oahu BISH 2006-08-26
7 Zephyranthes citrina Lihue District. Lihue, at the intersection of Ahukini Rd and Umi St. Appears naturalized along Ahukini road and around stop sign with mixed lawn grasses. Preserved_Specimen Conspicuously abundant when flowering, otherwise difficult to detect. Small herb, less tha 15 cm tall; leaves and stem medium green; perianth bright yellow, the outer whorl with an orange mucro and becoming pale green at the base; fruits pale, purplish, and green along the line of suture; dehiscing upon drying/specimen preparation; seeds shiny black. Brock, K. 888 Kauai BISH 2016-08-25
8 Zephyranthes citrina Growing along roadside for about 1 mile between Waialua and Schofield Barracks, Oahu, along the winding section of road Growing along roadside. Appears naturalized 300 to 400 feet elevation coming up within one week of rainstorm. Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Oahu BISH 1983-09-14
9 Zephyranthes citrina Honolulu; 42 Coelho Way Preserved_Specimen Flwrs yellow. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1946-06-20
10 Zephyranthes citrina Honolulu; 42 Coelho Way Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1943-11-23
11 Zephyranthes citrina Honolulu; 1930 Ualakaa St., residence of Collector Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. Oahu BISH 1930-11-02
12 Zephyranthes citrina Honolulu; 2627 Kaaipu Ave Preserved_Specimen Flwrs yellow; 1 leaf. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1943-08-13
13 Zephyranthes citrina Honolulu, SE corner of Kaimuki Ave and 11th Ave. Margin between sidewalk and road. Preserved_Specimen Flowers yellow. Kennedy, B. 153 Oahu BISH 2024-11-10
14 Zephyranthes citrina Kawaikui beach park. Ahupuaa of Waikiki. Growing in grassy area next to parking lot and old pay phone. Preserved_Specimen Leaves strap shaped/linear, mostly dead and absent from plants. Flowers bright yellow. Thomas, M.K. 819 Oahu BISH 2024-11-11
15 Zephyranthes citrina Hao st., Wailupe Valley Growing in front of a residence in the planting strip between the sidewalk and street. Preserved_Specimen Perennial herb from bulbs, ca. 15-20 cm tall, tepals yellow. Abundant, >50 plants seen. Ross, M.C. 1967 Oahu BISH 2023-11-25
16 Zephyranthes citrina Kahuku, at intersection of Kamehameha Hwy and Burroughs Rd From saturated soil in depression with standing water Preserved_Specimen Growing both emergently and and from edge of water, this area appears permanently flooded as no grasses or other plants grew in this area. Flowers bright yellow Faccenda, K. 2713 Oahu BISH 2022-09-22
17 Zephyranthes citrina East Maui, Paia, on Baldwin Ave., just E of Paia School Adventive or sparingly naturalized in grassy strip along west side of road. Growing with Leucaena leucocephala, Panicum maximum, etc. Preserved_Specimen Herbaceous, from bulb ca 3 cm by 3 cm; lvs linear, green; flws 1 per scape, bright yellow, funnelform; capsules 3-valved. Starr, F. 8281 Maui BISH 2000-08-28
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